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March 15, 2008
Is Bear TBTF: Too Big To Fail?
The weekend papers are full of stories about the New York Fed's extraordinary bailout being extended to the maverick Wall Street investment bank Bear, Stearns. One story -- Run on Big Wall St. Bank Spurs Rescue Backed by U.S. -- in today's New York Times by Landon Thomas, points out that: Traditionally regulators have helped commercial banks in financial panics, but not investment banks, which do not hold customer deposits. But the 1999 repeal of the Glass-Steagall Act, the Depression-era law that separated investment banks and commercial banks, led to consolidation within the financial industry that has made such distinctions harder to make. "I don’t remember a Fed action aimed at a noncommercial bank; this is the kind of thing you see in this post-regulatory environment," said Charles Geisst, a Wall Street historian at Manhattan College. Why is Bear too-big-to-fail? It's really a risk-taking, second-tier Wall Street player. As Pulitzer Prize winning financial columnist Gretchen Morgenson points out in her Sunday New York Times column Rescue Me: A Fed Bailout Crosses a Line, Bear might have been left to die like Mike Milken's Drexel twenty years ago: after all, Bear has lent aggressively to "bucket shop" brokerages, offered "munificent lines of credit to public-spirited subprime lenders," had two risky hedge funds fail to the tune of billions and then tried to offload "toxic mortgage securities it held in its own vaults onto the public last summer."
The reason for the bailout, from the regulator point-of-view is simple: everything is now connected to everything else.
Regulators thought that the interconnected economy would absorb and diffuse risks. Instead, these interconnections and use of exotic financial instruments no one understands -- coupled with the moral hazard created by the repeal of Glass-Steagall, which allows would-be lords of the universe on Wall Street (their term, not mine) to play with taxpayer-insured deposits at commercial banks -- has force-multiplied local or individual financial problems into world-wide financial crises. No more firewalls or fire breaks-- we now have connections that act as flash-points or accelerants. That so-called moral hazard is amplified when big banks take even bigger risks when they know that they are too big to fail.
But, as Morgenson concludes, not to worry, there's always you and me: Regulators must do whatever they can to keep the markets open and operating, and much of that relies upon the confidence of investors. But by offering to backstop firms like Bear, who were the very architects of their own — and the market’s — current problems, overseers like the Fed undermine a little bit more of that confidence.[...] That will leave the taxpayer, alas. As usual. I can only wonder whether the ever-growing financial crisis and pending recession will cause Congress and regulators to re-visit the wisdow of breaking down those Glass-Steagall walls in 1999's Gramm-Leach-Bliley Financial Services Modernization Act.
Sorry, I can't comment on every interesting story on this bailout. One more to check out is by Edmund Andrews in the New York Times. He points out in Fed Chief Shifts Path, Inventing Policy in Crisis that while Fed Chair Ben Bernanke once relied on "consistent principles," he now "is inventing policy on the fly."
Posted by Ed Mierzwinski at March 15, 2008 04:04 PM
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